Cannabis, or marijuana, includes the dried flowers, stems, seeds, and leaves of the Cannabis sativa plant, containing over 100 compounds, notably THC with psychoactive effects. Although federally prohibited, many states have legalized cannabis for medical or recreational use. The American College of Physicians (ACP) has issued a position paper calling for the decriminalization of small amounts of cannabis and a public health approach to its regulation.
Key recommendations
- Rigorous research
The ACP calls for comprehensive research into the health effects and therapeutic potential of cannabis and cannabinoids. This includes studying usage patterns, cannabis use disorder prevalence, motor vehicle injuries, and poisonings. - Decriminalization
The ACP recommends decriminalizing small amounts of cannabis for personal use. Policymakers should use evidence-based approaches to amend cannabis laws, considering the disproportionate impacts on marginalized communities. - Public health approach
States with legalized cannabis should adopt public health strategies to regulate cannabis products effectively:- Packaging and labeling: Child-proof packaging and clear, accurate labeling.
- Advertising restrictions: Limit marketing to reduce youth exposure and prohibit false therapeutic claims.
- THC potency limits: Restrict high-THC products to mitigate health risks.
- Mandatory testing: Ensure products are free from contaminants and accurately labeled.
- Public information campaigns: Educate the public about cannabis risks, especially regarding impaired driving and pregnancy.
- Regulation and health care policies
The ACP supports adequate funding for regulatory and public health activities. It also advocates for comprehensive insurance coverage for cannabis use disorder treatments and incorporating cannabis education into medical training. - Therapeutic use and legal protections
The ACP supports funding for evaluating the therapeutic benefits of cannabis and calls for protections for physicians who prescribe or recommend cannabis according to state laws.
Addressing health harms and legal disparities
The ACP acknowledges the health risks associated with cannabis, such as cognitive impairment and respiratory issues, particularly with high-THC products. It also highlights the need to rectify the legal disparities affecting marginalized communities, supporting the expungement of prior convictions and reassessment of sentences.
What is the American College of Physicians (ACP)?
Its is the largest medical-specialty organization in the United States, representing internal medicine physicians, subspecialists, medical students, residents, and fellows. Founded in 1915, ACP is dedicated to advancing the quality of healthcare through education, advocacy, clinical standards, and professional development. The organization provides continuing medical education, develops evidence-based clinical guidelines, advocates for healthcare policy reforms, supports medical research, and publishes influential medical journals like the “Annals of Internal Medicine.” Through these efforts, ACP aims to improve patient care, promote public health, and enhance the professional growth of its members.